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Part III: Waajibaat of Salaah

Q.        What is meant by Waajibaat-e-Namaaz or Waajibaatus-Salaah?
A.        Waajibaat are those things that are necessary to complete the prayers. If one misses any of them unknowingly, this mistake can be compensated for by doing Sajdah Sahw (sajdah done for accidental mistakes). If one does not do Sajdah Sahw or if one intentionally misses one of these things, it is waajib to say the entire prayer all over again.

Q.        How many waajibaat are in a namaaz?
A.        These are fourteen:

1. Fixing the first two rak’aat of the fard salaah for qira’ah.
2. Reading Surah Faatihah in all the rak’aat of every prayer (except in the third and fourth rak’aat of a fard prayer.)
3. To recite a Surah or a long aayah or three shorter aayaat after Surah Faatihah in the first two rak’aat of fard salaah and in all the rak’aat of waajib, sunnah and nafl prayers.
4. To read the Surah Faatihah before any other surah or aayah.
5. To maintain the order of Qira’ah, rukuu’, sujood, etc.
6. Qawmah or standing up straight after rukuu’.
7. Jalsah or sitting between the two sajdahs.
8. Performing ta’deeli arkaan, that is rukuu’, sajdah, etc. patiently and serenely.
9. Qa’dah-e-Oolaa or sitting to the extent of saying Tashahhud after two rak’aat in a prayer of three or four rak’aat.
10. To read Tashahhud in both Qa’dahs.
11. For the imaam to real Qira’ah aloud in Fajr, Maghrib, ‘Ishaa, Jumu’ah (Friday prayer), ‘Eid, and the Taraaweeh prayers during Ramadaan. The imaam should say Zuhr and ‘Asr in a low voice.
12. To disperse after salaam of the prayer.
13. To say takbeer for Qunoot in Witr prayers and to read Du’aa-e-Qunoot.
14. To say the additional takbeeraat in the ‘Eid prayers.

The Sunnat in Salaah

Q.        What is sunnat in prayer?
A.        Things which have been proved to be performed during prayer by the Prophet () but not so much stress has been laid upon them as is laid on things that are fard and waajib: those things are called the sunnat. If anyone of these things is missed unknowingly, it does not break the prayer nor is Sajdah Sahw a waajib in such case. If these things are intentionally missed, then the prayer is not invalidated nor is Sajdah Sahw necessary but it brings condemnation to the one who does so.

Q.        How many sunnats are there is salaah?
A.        There are 21 sunnats in prayer:

1. To raise hands up to the ears before takbeer tahreemah.
2. While raising hands for takbeer, to keep the fingers of both the hands raised and facing towards the Qiblah.
3. Not to bend the head while saying the takbeer.
4. Saying takbeer tahreemah and other takbeers aloud by the imaam.
5. To fold the right hand on the left hand below the navel.
6. Saying thanaa’.
7. To recite ta’awwudh.
8. To recite the complete bismillaah.
9. To recite only Surah Faatihah in the third and fourth rak’aat of a fard prayer.
10. To say Aameen.
11. To recite thanaa’, ta’awwudh, and “Aameen” in a low voice.
12. To recite as much Qira’ah as is the sunnah for each prayer.
13. To say tasbeeh three times each in rukuu’ and sajdah.
14. To keep the waist and head at the same level while holding the knees with the fingers of both the hands in rukuu’.
15. Saying by the imaam: “Sami’allaahu liman hamidahu” in qawmah followed by “Rabbanaa lakal hamd” by the muqtadi. The munfarid should say tasmi’ah and tahmeed both.
16. While going into sajdah, to first put the knees, then the hands, then the forehead on the ground.
17. In Qa’dah or Jalsah, lying the left foot on the ground horizontally and sitting upon it and putting the right foot vertically so that its toes are towards Qiblah and putting both the hands on thighs.
18. To point out by the right hand’s index finger as one says “Ash-hadu a(n)l-laa ilaaha” in tashahhud.
19. To recite darood shareef in qa’dah-i-aakhirah after tashahhud.
20. To read du’aa after darood shareef.
21. To turn the face for salaam, first towards the right and then to the left.

Mustahabbaat of Salaah

Q.        How many things are mustahab in prayer?
A.        Five things are preferable in prayer: